Potential use of engineered nanoparticles in ocean fertilization for large-scale atmospheric carbon dioxide removal
Michael F. Hochella Jr.
報告人簡介
Michael F.Hochella Jr.現(xiàn)為美國弗吉尼亞理工大學(xué)（Virginia Tech）榮譽教授，“納米地球”中心主任，美國西北太平洋國家實驗室能源與環(huán)境理事會研究員，是納米地球科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的權(quán)威學(xué)者。他在Science、PNAS、Nature Nanotechnology、 Elements 、Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 、Environmental Science & Technology等刊物發(fā)表論文200余篇，總被引超23000次，H指數(shù)82，累計獲得科研經(jīng)費超2500萬美金。鑒于他在地球科學(xué)及相關(guān)領(lǐng)域取得的突出貢獻，他當選為Virginia Tech地球科學(xué)系“ 杰出教授 ”（ Distinguished Professor），美國地質(zhì)學(xué)會、美國礦物學(xué)會、美國地球物理學(xué)會、美國地球化學(xué)學(xué)會、美國科學(xué)促進會等學(xué)術(shù)組織會士。他還曾擔任美國地球化學(xué)學(xué)會主席（2000- 2001）、美國礦物學(xué)會主席（2011-2012）、弗吉尼亞理工大學(xué)地球與環(huán)境納米技術(shù)國家中心主任（2015-2019）；曾獲Dana獎（美國礦物學(xué)學(xué)會）、Brindley獎（黏土礦 物學(xué)會）、Clair C.Patterson獎（美國地球化學(xué)學(xué)會）等諸多學(xué)術(shù)榮譽。
內(nèi)容簡介
Artificial ocean fertilization (AOF) aims to safely stimulate phytoplankton growth in the ocean and enhance carbon sequestration. AOF carbon sequestration efficiency appears lower than natural ocean fertilization processes due mainly to the low bioavailability of added nutrients, along with low export rates of AOF-produced biomass to the deep ocean. Here we explore the potential application of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) to overcome these issues. Data from 123 studies show that some ENPs may enhance phytoplankton growth at concentrations below those likely to be toxic in marine ecosystems. ENPs may also increase bloom lifetime, boost phytoplankton aggregation and carbon export, and address secondary limiting factors in AOF. Life-cycle assessment and cost analyses suggest that net CO2 capture is possible for iron, SiO2 and Al2O3 ENPs with costs of 2–5 times that of conventional AOF, whereas boosting AOF efficiency by ENPs should substantially enhance net CO2 capture and reduce these costs. Therefore, ENP-based AOF can be an important component of the mitigation strategy to limit global warming.
